Due to the viscoelasticity of ceramic precursor (this viscoelasticity can be designed by selecting special functional groups in the initial precursor molecules and selecting characteristic structures in the source polymer), polysiloxane, polysilazane and Polyborosilazane can present the flexibility and plasticity required by their melt spinning). This polymer precursor provides a great convenience to obtain fiber geometric stability without catalyst and oxygen in the subsequent curing steps. After that, further heat treatment at high temperature completed the transformation from polymer to ceramic, realized the control of complex microstructure and nanostructure, and obtained the desired properties of the final product.

The technology of ceramic fiber production by melt spinning of ceramic precursor polymer has great advantages. The ceramic fiber produced by this method can establish almost unlimited element composition, so a large number of new types of ceramic fiber can be manufactured, because this can be achieved by controlling the composition and structure of the starting polymer at the molecular level]. Fiber production by polymer melting takes place at relatively low temperature, very fast, easy to implement, so it is also very economical. The precursor used has a high level of chemical purity and the elements contained are well distributed]. The purity and uniform composition of the obtained ceramics reduce the number of defects in the prepared ceramic fibers. In addition, because of their small diameter and good flexibility, they are easy to spin and weave. The further advantage of using precursor technology is lower sintering temperature, which in turn leads to lower energy consumption and lower final production cost.

Throughout the development of ceramic fiber preparation technology, it can be found that the precursor conversion method is increasingly becoming the mainstream of research and development. This is because the diameter of the fiber can be controlled by the mature polymer forming process, and it is easy to weave one-dimensional or two-dimensional reinforcements to strengthen the composite, which is incomparable to other preparation methods. Because of its special application in fine ceramic fiber. Sol gel method will be one of the hot topics of attention. The research of sol-gel process also focuses on the development of new sol gel materials, the preparation of new gel, fiber precursors and fibers, the study of composite fibers, multi-functional research, fiber surface modification and composite materials. The development of raw materials for new sol gel process is mainly towards the development of environmental protection, cost reduction and improving the processability of fiber precursors; precursor technology research is based on the best way and the best technology exploration. The multi-functional research attempts to prepare fibers with several superior properties at the same time, and make one fiber contain several components, such as tungsten fiber or carbon fiber as the core, through the vapor deposition method, tungsten silicon carbide or carbon silicon carbide composite fiber with high strength can be prepared.