1, what is synthetic resin
Synthetic resins are a class of synthetic polymer compounds that combine or exceed the inherent properties of natural resins. As defined by ASTM D883-65T, synthetic resins are organic substances that are solid, semi-solid or pseudo (quasi) solid with undefined but often high molecular weights.
These substances have a tendency to flow when stressed, often have a softening or melting range, and assume a shell-like shape upon rupture. In practice, synthetic resins are often used synonymously with polymers or even plastics, especially in reference to basic materials produced from monomers by polymerization reactions without any additives or with only a very small amount of additives.
2、Types of synthetic resins
Basic types
There are many types of synthetic resins, which can be broadly categorized into general-purpose resins and special-purpose resins according to their uses and properties.
General-purpose resins: These resins are widely used in general-purpose consumer products and durable goods because of their large production volume and low cost. The representative varieties are polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) five categories of synthetic resins. They are the mainstay of the synthetic resin market because of their excellent processing properties and wide range of applications.
Specialty Resins: Specialty resins are resins that are produced for specific applications in smaller quantities but at higher production costs. These resins usually have excellent properties and can replace traditional materials such as metals, and play an important role in machinery, electronics, automobiles, and other fields. Important engineering plastics such as polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), and polyoxymethylene (POM) all fall into the category of specialty resins. In addition, thermoplastic elastomers are also a special class of specialized resins, which have both the elasticity of rubber and the processability of plastic, and can be molded repeatedly after heating.
3、Preparation method of synthetic resin
The preparation of synthetic resins is mainly realized through the polymerization of monomers. Commonly used polymerization methods in the industry include body polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization, slurry polymerization and gas phase polymerization.
The body polymerization: monomer in the initiator or the role of heat, light, radiation, without the addition of other media directly for polymerization. The method of product purity, easy to operate, but the viscosity of the material increases with the reaction, mixing and heat transfer difficulties.
Suspension polymerization: monomer in the mechanical stirring or oscillation, dispersed into droplets suspended in water for polymerization. The method of low material viscosity, easy heat transfer and control, but the production capacity and product purity is not as good as the body polymerization method.
Emulsion polymerization: monomers in the emulsifier under the action of the emulsion formed in water for polymerization. This method has fast reaction speed and high molecular weight, but the emulsifier will affect the product performance.
Solution polymerization: polymerization in the presence of solvent, the system is a uniform viscous solution. The method is easy to control, but the system is viscous, heat and mass transfer difficulties.
Gas-phase polymerization: Gas-phase monomer and catalyst are introduced into the reactor in a prescribed amount of one-step synthesis. This method has a short process and a pure product, but requires a highly active catalyst.
4、Application fields of synthetic resin
The application fields of synthetic resins are extremely wide, covering almost all aspects of the national economy.
Plastics manufacturing: The most important application of synthetic resins is the manufacturing of plastics. By adding additives and improving properties, synthetic resins can be directly processed into a variety of plastic products, such as bags, containers, pipes and so on.
Coatings and Adhesives: Synthetic resins are also the main raw material for coatings and adhesives. Their excellent adhesion and weather resistance make coatings and adhesives widely used in construction, automobile, furniture and other fields.
Synthetic Fiber: Synthetic resin is also the basic raw material for manufacturing synthetic fiber. Through the spinning process, the resin can be transformed into fibers, such as nylon and polyester, which are widely used in the textile industry.
Other fields: In addition, synthetic resins also play an important role in the field of insulating materials, construction materials, medical supplies and so on. For example, resin concrete has excellent mechanical properties and durability with synthetic resin as the cementitious material; in the medical field, medical devices and consumables made of synthetic resin are also commonplace.

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