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Glass-based coatings are typically composed of silicon dioxide (SiO₂) or other silica-based compounds. These materials are engineered into nanoscale structures, which allow the coatings to form a thin, uniform, and transparent layer over a substrate. The coating process may involve techniques such as sol-gel, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), or thermal spraying, depending on the application and desired properties.
Some glass coatings incorporate additional elements, such as titanium dioxide (TiO₂) or aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), to enhance specific characteristics like UV resistance, self-cleaning properties, or scratch resistance.