Polysilazane has excellent performance, small silicon nitrogen bond angle and large molecular bond tension, so the molecular chain is not easy to form a ring, and it is not easy to occur side reactions such as back biting and rearrangement in the process of molecular polymerization, with good thermal stability. Polysilazane with specific properties can be designed by changing the substituent of silicon atom or nitrogen atom. At present, polysilazane materials are not widely used. The main reasons are that most polysilazane materials are relatively active, have high reactivity, and are easy to react with water, polar compounds and oxygen, so it is difficult to preserve and transport them; The synthesis method of polysilazane is not yet mature, the molecular structure of reaction products is complex, and the molecular weight of polymers is generally low. Polysilazane mostly exists in the form of binary ring, quaternary ring structure or linear oligomer, and its heat resistance is generally poor.   

Polysilazane materials are mainly used in ceramic precursor preparation, coating material synthesis, medical surgery and other fields. The ceramic materials made from polysilazane through pyrolysis and polymerization have the advantages of good flow performance, designable composition, good heat resistance and uniform product composition. At the same time, polysilazane is easy to pyrolysis and polymerization, and the reaction temperature is low, so it is widely used in the preparation of foam ceramic materials.   

With the continuous development of modern science and technology, the research on the molecular structure design, product synthesis and application of polysilazane has made an extraordinary rapid development, and the related research achievements on the construction of polysilazane with clear molecular structure have been reported. In recent years, the research on spinning ability and material coating application of polysilazane ceramics is relatively extensive at home and abroad, and the research on heat resistance of polysilazane needs to be further deepened. The existing synthesis methods and reaction principles of polysilazane are reviewed. The special chemical properties can be designed by using the molecular structure of polysilazane. The research idea of synthesizing heat resistant high molecular weight polysilazane is proposed, and the development prospect and research direction of polysilazane are prospected.

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