1.Polysilazane as ceramic precursor
The method of obtaining ceramic materials by cracking polymers has unique advantages over the traditional inorganic powder sintering method, such as: ceramic materials can be prepared by molding of polymers with good manufacturability; ceramic materials with different chemical compositions and structures can be obtained by polymer molecular design.
(1) For the preparation of ceramic fibers
In the 20th century, the rise of polymer precursors to prepare SiC fibers has stimulated the interest of researchers to prepare Si3N4, Si3N4/ SiC or SiCN fibers through polysilazanes. Nowadays, researchers have gained a deeper understanding of the spinnability, spinning process, non-melting treatment method, and cracking method of polysilazanes, but the previous studies focused on melt spinning. The use of liquid polysilazanes to prepare fibers requires polysilazanes with high viscosity for spinning; at the same time, the viscosity must not change too quickly with temperature, otherwise the working window is too narrow.
(2) For the preparation of bulk ceramic materials
The preparation of ceramic materials using polymer precursor method has unique advantages, however, the ceramics obtained in this way is not perfect: on the one hand, in the cracking process, some organic groups are removed, generating gases, so that the material generated a lot of holes; on the other hand, the material shrinks during the cracking process, and in severe cases, the material will be cracked, warped and deformed, and so on. For this reason, researchers have used different methods, such as hot pressing/cracking, liquid-phase sintering, pre-cracking/bonding/cracking, and pressure casting, to cure and crack polysilazanes in order to obtain ceramic materials with relatively few defects. Hot pressing/cracking method is to grind the cured polysilazane into solid powder, then hot pressing molding, and then cracked in an inert atmosphere to obtain amorphous SiCN ceramic materials.
(3) For preparation of ceramic coatings
For the preparation of ceramic coatings with organic polysilazane research has achieved a lot of meaningful results. f. Kerm [3] et al. designed a set of carbon fiber surface coating treatment of the pilot device, from the surface treatment of fibers, impregnation of polysilazane solution, to the coating curing and cracking, can be carried out in a continuous process to achieve the continuous treatment of 10 000 m of carbon fibers. In this process, the concentration of polysilazane is very important, too low (polysilazane mass fraction of less than 2%) can not achieve the full protection of the fiber, too high (polysilazane mass fraction of more than 10%) will result in the coating fragmentation. However, polysilazane treatment of ceramics, metal surfaces require a high concentration (polysilazane mass fraction of 20% ~ 60%), in order to cover the larger defects on the surface of the substrate; in the drawing (dip coating) and spin coating process, usually also take multiple coating method.
(4) For the preparation of porous ceramic materials
Porous ceramics in filtration, catalysis, heat insulation, adsorption and other aspects of a wide range of applications, polysilazane more modification methods and better molding ability so that it can take a variety of pore-forming ways to prepare porous SiCN ceramic materials.
(5) For the preparation of ceramic MEMS components
(6) Preparation of composite materials
2. Polysilazane as resin material
Although polysilazane itself is a polymer resin, its use as a resin has been less studied than its use as a precursor for ceramics. In this regard, the Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has made some attempts, including the direct use of polysilazane as a resin matrix, as well as for the modification of allyl phenolics, epoxy resins, silicone resins, etc., and a series of meaningful results have been achieved .
Room termperature curing polysilazane, pls check
IOTA 9150,
IOTA 9150A.
High termperature curing polysilazane, pls check
IOTA 9108,
IOTA 9118.